Watermarking Classification

Robust Watermarking

• Design to survive various system processing and malicious attacks
• Primary application: copyright protection

Fragile Watermarking

• Design to detect any modifications (unintentional and malicious attacks) to the watermarked images
• Primary application: content authentication

Semi-Fragile Watermarking

• Design to survive system processes (such as JPEG and Wavelet compression) and detect malicious attacks (such as cut and paste) in watermarked image
• Primary application: selective content authentication

Robust Watermarking

• Conventional Transforms
• Feature Extraction for Watermark Embedding and Retrieval
• Image-in-Image Watermarking
• Character-in-Image Watermarking
• Benchmarking – Stirmark and Checkmark